下列关于人力资本理论的表述，错误的是（ ）。
- A.人力资本是体现在社会产品生产和消费上的成本总和
- B.人力资本是对生产者进行教育、培训等支出及其接受教育的机会成本等的总和
- C.人力资本收益测算法是由西奥多·舒尔茨提出的
- D.人力资本理论强调教育及教育投资对国民经济增长的贡献率
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
本题考查的是舒尔茨人力资本理论。20世纪60年代，以美国舒尔茨为代表的一些西方经济学家提出了人力资本理论，故C选项正确。该理论认为：人力资本的核心是提高人口质量，教育投资是人力投资的主要部分。不应当把人力资本的再生产仅仅视为一种消费，而应视为一种投资，这种投资的经济效益远大于物质投资的经济效益。教育是提高人力资本最基本的主要手段，所以也可以把人力投资视为教育投资问题，故B选项正确。在经济增长中，人力资本的作用大于物质资本的作用。人力资本投资与国民收入成正比，比物质资源增长速度快。舒尔茨是通过教育资本储藏量的分析方法，推算美国的教育对国民收入增长的贡献为33％，故D选项正确。故本题选A。
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