元认知知识的主要内容有哪些?
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
所谓元认知是对认知的认知，具体地说，是关于个人自己认知过程的知识和调节这些过程的能力，它具有两个独立但又相互联系的成分：对认知过程的知识和观念、对认知行为的调节和控制。
元认知知识是对有效完成任务所需的技能、策略及其来源的意识，即知道做什么，是在完成任务之前的一种认识。它主要包括：①对个人作为学习者的认识。在完成某一任务时，学习者首先要认识自己或他人作为认知加工者的一切特征。②对任务的认识。对学习材料的性质、长度、熟悉性、结构特点、材料的呈现方式、逻辑性等因素以及学习目标和任务的认识。③对有关学习策略及其使用方面的认识。对各种学习策略及其优点和不足、应用条件和情境以及效力的认识。
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For people who don′t read instructions
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