试述素质教育和应试教育的对立表现。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)教育目的不同。“应试教育”着眼于分数和选拔，属急功近利的短视行为;而素质教育则旨在提 高国民素质，追求教育的长远利益与目标。
(2)教育对象不同。“应试教育”重视高分学生,忽视大多数学生和差生。素质教育面向全体学生， 面向每一个有差异的学生，即素质教育要求平等,要求尊重每一个学生。
(3)教育内容不同。“应试教育”紧紧围绕考试和升学需要，考什么就教什么，所实施的是片面内容 的知识教学。而素质教育立足于学生全面素质的提高，教以适合学生发展和社会发展需要的教育 内容。
(4)教育方法不同。“应试教育”采取急功近利的做法，大搞题海战术，“填鸭式”等。素质教育则要 求开发学生的潜能与优势，重视启发诱导，因材施教，使学生学会学习。
(5)教育评价标准不同。“应试教育”要求学校的一切工作都围绕着备考这个中心而展开，以分数 作为衡量学生和老师水平的唯一尺度;素质教育则立足于学生素质的全面提高，以多种形式全面衡 量学生素质和教师的水平。
(6)教育结果不同。在“应试教育”下，多数学生受到忽视，产生厌学情绪,片面发展，个性受到压 抑，缺乏继续发展的能力。在素质教育下，全体学生的潜能得到充分的发挥，个性得到充分而自由 的发展，为今后继续发展打下扎实基础。
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