试述埃里克森的人格发展理论及其教育意义。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)埃里克森认为儿童人格的发展是一个逐渐形成的过程，必须经历八个顺序不变的阶段，每个阶段有不同的发展任务。其中,小学阶段和中学阶段分别处于勤奋对自卑、自我同一性对角色混乱的时期。
(2)教育意义：埃里克森的发展理论指明了每个发展阶段的任务，并给出了解决危机、完成任务的具体教育方法，有助于教师理解不同发展阶段的儿童所面临的冲突类型，从而采取相应的措施，因势利导，对症下药。
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