在实施《3～6岁儿童学习与发展指南》中幼儿教师应把握哪些问题?
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
实施《指南》应把握以下几个方面：
(1)关注幼儿学习与发展的整体性。儿童的发展是一个整体，要注重领域之间、目标之间的相互渗透和整合，促进幼儿身心全面协调发展，而不应片面追求某一方面或几方面的发展。
(2)尊重幼儿发展的个体差异。幼儿的发展是一个持续、渐进的过程，同时也表现出一定的阶段性特征。每个幼儿在沿着相似进程发展的过程中，各自的发展速度和到达某一水平的时间不完全相同。要充分理解和尊重幼儿发展进程中的个别差异，支持和引导他们从原有水平向更高水平发展，按照自身的速度和方式到达《指南》所呈现的发展“阶梯”，切忌用一把“尺子”衡量所有幼儿。
(3)理解幼儿的学习方式和特点。幼儿的学习是以直接经验为基础，在游戏和日常生活中进行的。要珍视游戏和生活的独特价值，创设丰富的教育环境，合理安排一日生活，最大限度地支持和满足幼儿通过直接感知、实际操作和亲身体验获取经验的需要，严禁“拔苗助长”式的超前教育和强化训练。
(4)重视幼儿的学习品质。幼儿在活动过程中表现出的积极态度和良好行为倾向是终身学习与发展所必需的宝贵品质。要充分尊重和保护幼儿的好奇心和学习兴趣，帮助幼儿逐步养成积极主动、认真专注、不怕困难、敢于探究和尝试、乐于想象和创造等良好学习品质。忽视幼儿学习品质培养，单纯追求知识技能学习的做法是短视而有害的。
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