题目详情

教师提供各种材料让幼儿分组玩沙,幼儿用筛子、小桶、铲子、漏斗等工具装沙,发现沙子流动的特征,其中东东用小桶装了一会儿沙子,就开始做起了“蛋糕”,这时老师过来了,让他继续装沙。集中交流环节,教师问:“刚才你们玩沙子时发现了什么?”灿灿说:“我用那个白色的东西(不知漏斗的名称)装沙,发现沙子都跑掉了。”兰兰说:“我用筛子装沙,发现沙子很快就流走了。”这时,清清说:“摇一摇,沙子流得更快。”在他言犹未尽还想说什么时,教师请其他幼儿发言……

问题:

(1)指出该老师活动指导存在的问题。

(2)请提出合理的建议。

正确答案及解析

正确答案
解析

(1)这次教育活动中教师没有很好地根据幼儿的兴趣和需要来组织活动,例如当东东装完沙做“蛋糕”时,老师却制止;当清清没有表达完自己的观点时老师便请其他幼儿发言,这违背了“以幼儿为主体”的原则,教师没有很好地做到当幼儿学习活动的支持者、合作者和引导者。(2)教师在幼儿活动中应该做到以下几点:

第一,以关怀、接纳、尊重的态度与幼儿交往。在幼儿游戏过程中教师应该耐心倾听,努力理解幼儿的想法与感受,支持、鼓励他们大胆探索与表达。而在此案例中,教师应该多听听小朋友对于玩沙子的看法。

第二,善于发现幼儿感兴趣的事物、游戏和偶发事件中所隐含的教育价值,把握时机,积极引导。案例中,当东东用沙子做“蛋糕”时,教师应该鼓励他用沙子做蛋糕,体验沙子的形态。

第三,关注幼儿在活动中的表现和反应,敏感地察觉他们的需要,及时以适当的方式应答,形成合作探究式的师生互动。例如,当清清在谈论“摇一摇,沙子流得更快了”的时候,教师应该与幼儿一起探索原因。

第四,尊重幼儿在发展水平、能力、经验、学习方式等方面的个体差异,因人施教,努力使每一个幼儿都能获得满足和成功。

总之,作为一个幼儿园老师,应该充分站在幼儿的角度组织活动,让每个幼儿都能全面地发展。

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