小明是刚转入市一小的五年级学生，他在原学校时成绩优秀，总是班里的第一名，但来到新学校以后，因学习环境不适应，渐渐的成绩下降到二十几名。这给小明的打击不小，从此，小明来学校时总把衣服的拉链拉得很高，将头藏进衣服里，不愿见人。
问题：(1)小明的这种状况属于什么心理现象?
(2)造成这一问题的原因。
(3)如何帮助小明摆脱困境。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)小明面临的是挫折适应问题。
(2)原因是由于考试失败，小明一直学习成绩很好，不能够接受这次失败。
(3)可采取的措施：
①帮助小明树立正确的挫折观，对挫折有正确的认识与思想准备；
②帮助小明确定适当的抱负水平，即根据实际情况确定适当的目标；
③适度感受挫折，锻炼挫折承受力；
④帮助小明分析失败的原因，并提出改进的措施。
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