写出浪漫主义乐派的代表人物(不少于4位)以及他们的音乐特征。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
浪漫主义乐派代表人物：
1．柏辽兹，法国作曲家，音乐评论家，代表作品有《幻想交响曲》《哈罗尔德在意大利》等。柏辽兹的作品中非常重视乐曲的标题性和文字说明，这些就像声乐中的歌词一样，是乐曲的组成部分。
2．肖邦，波兰作曲家、钢琴家，代表作品有《c小调练习曲》《d小调前奏曲》等。肖邦一生将全部精力都倾注在钢琴音乐创作上，其旋律真情炙热、抒情如歌；作品中常使用利底亚、弗里几亚等中古调式以及各种变化音；节奏具有民族特征，具有高度的伸缩性，常用自由节奏，其中波罗乃兹舞曲最为强烈地表现了肖邦的民族意识和情愫。
3．柴可夫斯基，俄罗斯音乐家，被称为“俄罗斯音乐之父”，代表作品有《第六交响曲》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》《天鹅湖》《胡桃夹子》《睡美人》等。他的音乐极富动人的抒情性，又有强烈的戏剧性，抒情性体现在旋律优美动听、配器绚丽多彩上；戏剧性则体现在强烈情感所带来的音乐震撼力上。
4．勃拉姆斯，德国作曲家，代表作品有《摇篮曲》《小夜曲》《c小调第一交响曲》等。他的音乐风格受巴赫和贝多芬的影响，采用无标题音乐形式，显得庄重、内敛，但又不失浪漫主义诗情与幻想的特点；旋律气息宽广，节奏具有内在的张力，调式突破了大小调的界限，曲式保持传统的结构，并与民族民间音乐保持紧密联系。
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