杨蒙是高中学生，学习认真、刻苦，成绩一直不错。一次，在期中考试时由于感 冒发烧没有考好，结果成绩下滑受到了老师的批评（老师不知她带病考试）。此后， 每当面临考试时杨蒙都很紧张。在考试前几天就开始担心，害怕考试失敗，为了能考 好，她考前每天都复习得很晚。考试时，杨蒙经常感到注意力很难集中，脑子里也一 片空白，明明掌握的知识也都忘记了。同时还伴随着紧张、心慌、手发抖、出汗、小 便急、全身绷紧等症状。可考后她发现这些题目都会做，只是由于没发挥好而失敗， 因而更加害怕考试。为此，杨蒙非常痛苦，不知道如何摆脱。 根据上述案例，请分析：
1.杨蒙的这种症状是一种什么心理问题
2.本案例中，造成这一心理问题的主要原因有哪些
3.针对这类问题，请列举两种常见的心理训练方法。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
1.考试焦虑问题。
2.杨蒙考试焦虑主要与考试失败以及教师的批评有关系。
3.常用的训练方法：
(1)调整自我认识法；（2)自信心训练法；（3)放松训练法；（4)系统脱敏法。 (注:任举两种方法展开回答即可）。
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