试述学生的知、情、意、行诸因素统一发展的规律。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
【要点】(1)知、情、意、行是构成思想品德的四个基本要素。
知，即道德认识，是人们对道德规范及其意义的理解和掌握，对是非、善恶、美丑的认识、判断和评价，以及在此基础上形成的道德识辨能力，是人们确定对客观事物的主观态度和行为准则的内在依据。
情，即道德情感，是人们对社会思想道德和人们行为的爱憎、好恶等情绪态度，是进行道德判断时引发的一种内心体验。对品德认识和品德行为起着激励和调节作用。
意，即道德意志，是为实现道德行为所作的自觉努力，是人们通过理智权衡，解决思想道德生活中的内心矛盾与支配行为的力量。
行，即道德行为，是人们在行动上对他人、社会和自然所作出的行为反应，是人的内在的道德认识和情感的外部行为表现，是衡量人们品德的重要标志。
(2)知、情、意、行之间的关系及其发展。
德育过程的一般顺序可以概括为提高道德认识、陶冶道德情感、锻炼道德意志和培养道德行为。知、情、意、行四个要素是相互作用的，知是基础，行是关键。在德育具体实施过程中，具有多种开端，即不一定恪守知、情、意、行的一般教育培养顺序，而可根据学生品德发展的具体情况，确定从哪开始。
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