教师成长的历程有哪几个阶段?
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
福勒和布朗根据教师的需要和不同时期所关注的焦点问题,把教师的成长划分为关注生存、关注情境和关注学生等三个阶段。
(1)关注生存阶段。处于这一阶段的一般是新教师,他们非常关注自己的生存适应性,关心他人对自己的评价和态度。因为专业化水平还很不成熟,所以很关注自己的教育教学、班级管理、家长工作等在学生、同事和领导中的影响,尤其是关注领导的评价。有些新教师可能会把大量的时间都花在如何与学生搞好个人关系上。有些新教师则可能想方设法控制学生。因为,教师都想成为一个良好的课堂管理者。
(2)关注情境阶段。当教师感到自己完全能够生存(站稳了脚跟)时,便把关注的焦点投向了提高学生的成绩即进入了关注情境阶段。开始注意教学的质量,以及影响质量的因素。在此阶段教师关心如何教好每一堂课,关心诸如班级规模的大小、时间的压力和备课材料是否充分等与教学情境有关的问题。他们能对教学问题提出改进的方案,能从自身的教育实践中寻找研究课题,渴望成为研究型的教师,专业水平较高,传统教学评价也集中关注这一阶段,一般来说,老教师比新教师更关注此阶段。
(3)关注学生阶段。当教师顺利地适应了前两个阶段后,成长的下一个目标便是关注学生。关心学生发展,及其内心世界的变化。教师将考虑学生的个别差异,认识到不同发展水平的学生有不同的需要,考虑教学材料和方式是否能够让全体学生接受。能否自觉关注学生是衡量一个教师是否成长成熟的重要标志之一。
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