如何运用记忆规律，促进知识保持?
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
[答案要点](1)深度加工材料所谓深度加工，是指通过要学习的新材料增加相关的信息来达到对新材料的理解和记忆的方法。人们在获取信息时对它进行深度加工，信息的保持效果就可得到提高，并有利于信息的提取。
(2)有效运用记忆术记忆术是运用联想的方法对无意义的材料赋予某些人为意义，以促进知识保持的策略。记忆术有：寻找记忆材料的规律，做一定的归类和整理，运用多种感官进行记忆，将零散的材料用一定的方法串联起来，展开想象等
。(3)进行组块化编码所谓组块，指在信息编码过程中，利用贮存在长时记忆系统中的知识经验对进入到短时记忆系统中的信息加以组织．使之成为人所熟悉的有意义的较大单位的过程。组块可以是一个字母、一个数字、一个单词、一个词组甚至一个句子，组块的方式主要依赖于人的过去的知识经验。
(4)适当过度学习所谓过度学习，指在学习达到刚好成诵以后的附加学习。
(5)合理进行复习首先及时复习。即根据遗忘曲线的原理，在所学习的知识大面积遗忘之前进行复习；其次分散复习优于集中复习。如把一个材料分成若干小块材料；再次反复阅读与尝试背诵相结合，如适当地考一考自己；最后多种感官参加学习活动，如读、听、说、写等综合进行。
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