简述遗忘规律及遗忘的原因。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
[参考答案]遗忘在学习之后立即开始，遗忘的过程最初进展得很快，以后逐渐缓慢；过了相当的时间后几乎不再遗忘。遗忘的发展是不均衡的，其规律是先快后慢，呈负加速型。遗忘的原因有不同的理论：(1)痕迹衰退说认为遗忘是由记忆痕迹衰退引起的，遗忘随时间的推移而自动发生。(2)干扰说认为长时记忆中信息的相互干扰是导致遗忘的最重要原因，遗忘是由于在学习和回忆之间受到其他刺激干扰的结果。(3)同化说认为遗忘是知识的组织和认知结构简化的过程。(4)动机说认为遗忘是我们不想记，而将一些记忆信息排除在意识之外，遗忘不是保持的消失，而是记忆被压抑。
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