李华是一个十分聪明的学生，他的最大特点就是贪玩，学习不用功。每次考试他都有侥幸心理，希望能够靠运气过关。这次期末考试他考得不理想，他认为这次是自己的运气太差了。请运用维纳的归因理论来分析：
(1)他的这种归因是否正确?这种归因对他以后的学习会产生怎样的影响?
(2)如不正确，正确的归因应是怎样的?
(3)对教师来讲，正确掌握维纳归因理论有何意义?
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
[答案要点](1)不正确。他将行为的原因归因为外部的不可控制的因素，这样他就对自己的行为不用负责，因此学习动机不高，学习成绩也不会提高，甚至会越来越差。
(2)他应该将其归因为自己的内部的可控制因素如不努力。如果他认为学习失败是不努力造成的，那他就会相信只要自己努力，学习一定可以获得成功。
(3)有助于教师了解心理活动发生的因果关系，有助于根据学生行为及其结果推断出个体的稳定心理特征和个性差异，有助于从特定的学习行为及其结果预测个体在某种情况下可能产生的学习动机，对于改善其学习行为，提高其学习效果也会产生一定的作用。此外，归因训练还有助于提高自我认识。教师要注意培养学生的正确归因，对消极的归因进行辅导。如果一个学生长期处于消极的归因心态就有碍于人格的成长，如惯于逃避的学生，他们经常将失败归为能力不足，将成功归于运气或任务容易，长此以往，成为一种习惯，就会演变为一种习得无助感。
你可能感兴趣的试题
我国保护少年儿童权益的专项法律是《中华人民共和国未成年人保护法》。（ ）
- 查看答案
根据以下材料，回答题
If you don′t think a phone is the rightgift for a lover, the smart choice this year is a smart phone.
For people who don′t read instructions
The easiest-to-use phone is the iPhone. It′sthat has pushed it to the No.1 selling position, surpassing the Motorola Razr.The iPhone′s touch screen is easy to operate and it′s also easy to customize (用户化). The iPhone can run allsorts of applications such as those help you to lose weight, identify a song onthe radio, find a restaurant or do many other things.
For the futurist
The T-Mobile G1 is very popular as it is thefirst phone to offer a Google browser, meaning that you′re getting the real webon your phone, but it′s the phone′s potential that qualifies it for the futurist.The exciting applications are interesting, but they don′t always work smoothly.Sometimes it is hard to use the applications it comes with. The system shouldimprove as it becomes more popular, so it holds great promise. With fewrestrictions on the design of applications for the phone,
the G1 could be the first phone toincorporate (整合) some of the coolest.
For the road warrior
The new BlackBerry Storm is something likethe equivalent (等同物) of a mullet--a business up front, party in the back. It stillincorporates the serious mail and organization features that have endeared (使受钟爱) these phones to business people. The 3.25-inch is bright anddetailed and it′s a decent size for watching videos on the go.
For the Luddite (反对技术进步的人)
For those who can′t handle buttons and newfeatures, there is the Samsung Jitterbug Dial. Some people are Luddites whojust want a few large buttons to make calls. That′s it, just calls. That makesit even easier to use an iPhone.
What would be the best title forthe passage (no more than 6 words)
________________________________________________________________________
- 查看答案
简述学生的义务。
- 查看答案
依据《普通高中英语课程标准》，语言有丰富的文化内涵。教师应根据学生的年龄特点和__________ ，逐步扩展文化知识的内容和范围。
- 查看答案
计算机软件是指（ ）。
-
- A.计算机程序
- B.源程序和目标程序
- C.源程序
- D.计算机程序及有关资料
- 查看答案