题目详情

工作流管理系统(Workflow Management System,WfMS)通过软件定义创建工作流并管理其执行。它运行在一个或多个工作流引擎上,这些引擎解释对过程的定义与参与者的相互作用,并根据需要调用其他IT工具或应用。WfMS的基本功能体现在对工作流进行建模、工作流执行和业务过程的管理和分析。WfMS最基本的组成部分是工作流参考模型(Workflow Reference Model,WRM),其包含6个基本模块,分别是工作流执行服务、工作流引擎、( )、客户端应用、调用应用和管理监控工具。

  • A.流程定义工具
  • B.流程服务引擎
  • C.标准引擎
  • D.流程设计工具

正确答案及解析

正确答案
A
解析

根据WFMC(工作流管理联盟)的定义,工作流管理系统(Workflow Management System,WfMS)通过软件定义、创建工作流并管理其执行。它运行在一个或多个工作流引擎上,这些引擎解释对过程的定义与工作流的参与者相互作用,并根据需要调用其他IT工具或应用。例如,将考勤管理、内部信息交流、工作日报或周报处理等工作流管理模块集成在一个软件中,即可得到WfMS,这类WfMS即OA系统。

(1)WfMS的基本功能

WfMS将业务流程中工作如何组织与协调的规则抽象出来,在WfMS的协助下,开发人员遵从一定的编程接口和约定,就可以开发出更具灵活性的事务处理系统,用户无需重新开发即可更改工作流程,以适应业务的变更。WfMS的基本功能体现在以下几个方面:

①对工作流进行建模。即定义工作流,包括具体的活动和规则等,所创建的模型是同时可以被人和计算机所“理解”的,工作流对应现实世界的业务处理过程,不能改变真实业务的处理逻辑。

②工作流执行。遵循工作流模型来创建和执行实际的工作流,即通过WfMS可以执行多个工作项。

③业务过程的管理和分析。监控和管理执行中的业务(工作流),例如,进度完成情况和数据所处状态、工作分配与均衡情况等。

(2)WfMS的组成

工作流参考模型(Workflow Reference Model,WRM)包含六个基本模块,分别是工作流执行服务、工作流引擎、流程定义工具、客户端应用、调用应用和管理监控工具。这六个模块被认为是WfMS最基本的组成部分,WRM同时也包括了这些模块之间的接口标准,包括接口一、接口二、接口三、接口四和接口五,如图所示。

高级系统分析师,历年真题,2020年上半年(上午)《系统分析师》真题

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