市场机制是电子商务经济学基础之一，它构成要素主要有______、供求机制、竞争机制和风险机制等。
- A.市场价格机制
- B.双边贸易机制
- C.价格波动机制
- D.资源配置机制
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
市场机制是一个有机整体，它构成要素主要有市场价格机制、供求机制、竞争机制和风险机制等。其中，价格机制是指在市场竞争过程中，市场上某种商品市场价格变动与市场上该商品供求关系变动之间有机联系运动。它通过市场价格信息来反映供求关系，并通过这种市场价格信息来调节生产和流通，从而达到资源配置。另外，价格机制还可以促进竞争和激励，决定和凋节收入分配等。供求机制是指通过商品、劳务和各种社会资源供给和需求矛盾运动来影响各种生产要素组合一种机制。它通过供给与需求之间在不平衡状态时形成各种商品市场价格，以及价格、市场供给量和需求量等市场信号来调节社会生产和需求，最终实现供求之间基本平衡。供求机制在竞争性市场和垄断性市场中发挥作用方式是不同。竞争机制是指在市场经济中，各个经济行为主体之间为自身利益而相互展开竞争，由此形成经济内部必然联系和影响。它通过价格竞争或非价格竞争，按照优胜劣汰法则来调节市场运行。它能够形成企业活力和发展动力，促进生产，使消费者获得更大实惠。风险机制是市场活动同企业盈利、亏损和破产之间相互联系和作用机制，在产权清晰条件下，风险机制对经济发展发挥着至关重要作用。
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