商户甲使用数字签名技术向商户乙传输合同，甲私钥是AKD，公钥是AKE，乙私钥是BKD，公钥是BKE，合同原文是M，摘要是H，数字签名加密算法为D。则商户甲向商户乙传输数字签名文件是。商户乙应使用（ ）验证数字签名正确性。
- A.AKD
- B.AKE
- C.BK
- D.BKE
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
本题考查数字签名基础知识。数字签名技术是将摘要用发送者私钥加密，与原文一起传送给接收者。接收者只有用发送者公钥才能解密被加密摘要，然后用Hash函数对收到原文产生一个摘要，与解密摘要对比，如果相同，则说明收到信息是完整，在传输过程中没有被修改，否则，就是被修改过，不是原信息。同时，也证明发送者发送了信息，防止了发送者抵赖。使用公钥密码技术就可以实现数字签名。发送方A用其不公开解密密钥AKD对报文M进行运算，将结果D（M，AKD）传给接收方B。B用已知加密密钥对接收到内容进行运算，得出结果E（D（M，AKD），AKE）=M。因为除了A以外没有人能拥有A解密密钥，所以除了A以外就没有人能产生密文D（M，AKD）。这样，就表示报文M被电子签名了。如果A抵赖曾发报文给B，B就可将M及D（M，AKD）出示给第三方（仲裁方）。仲裁方可以很容易地用密钥AKE验证A确实发送消息M给B，从而使A无法抵赖。反过来，如果B将M伪造成M'，则B不能在仲裁方面前出示D（M'，AKD），从而证明了B伪造了报文。可见数字签名也同时起到了验证信息完整性作用。由题目描述可知，甲私钥是AKD，公钥是AKE，乙私钥是BKD，公钥是BKE，合同原文是M，摘要是H，数字签名加密算法为D。则商户甲向商户乙传输数字签名文件应使用甲私钥AKD对摘要H进行数字签名加密运算，商户乙应使用商户甲公钥AKE验证数字签名正确性。
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