题目详情

材料

商鞅变法,严惩百姓私相斗殴行为,奖励军功,授以爵位田宅,养成“民勇于公战,怯于私斗”的风气,秦国的军队几乎战无不胜,统治区域不断扩大,被当时六国人称为“虎狼之国”。荀子曾访问秦国,他认为秦国管理有效,承认秦国军队战斗力强悍:“齐之技击,不可以遇魏氏之武卒;魏氏之武卒,不可以遇秦之锐士。”但他认为按商鞅之法组建的秦国军队,“隆势诈,尚功利”,无礼义教化,“干赏蹈利”(求赏逐利),只能称之为“盗兵”。 “尚功利之兵,则胜、不胜,无常”,不能与春秋时齐桓公的军队相比,更不能与商汤王、周武王那样的仁义之师相提并论。

——摘编自《荀子》等

根据材料并结合所学知识,简析荀子称商鞅变法后的秦国军队为“盗兵”的原因。

正确答案及解析

正确答案

原因:商鞅变法使百姓勇于公战,军队战斗力强;秦国军队过于注重功利;秦国军队无礼义教化,不是仁义之师;秦国军队战斗是“独夫”行为,没有纪律约束。

解析
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