有 4 个网络地址：192.47.16.254、192.47.17.01、192.47.32.25 和 192.47.33.05，如果子网掩码为255.255.240.0，则这4个地址分别属于（）个子网。下面列出的地址对中，属于同一个子网的是（）。
- A.192.47.16.254和192.47.32.25
- B.192.47.16.254和192.47.17.01
- C.192.47.17.01和192.47.33.05
- D.192.47.17.01和192.47.32.25
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
本题考查IP地址与子网划分相关知识。根据题意，子网掩码为：255.255.240.0，它的二进制形式为：11111111.11111111.11110000.00000000，即前20位是网络标识位，后12位为主机标识位。将上述四个IP地址转化为二进制形式：
192.47.16.254：11000000.00101111.0001 0000.11111110
192.47.17.1：11000000.00101111.0001 0001.00000001
192.47.32.25：11000000.00101111.0010 0000.00011001
192.47.33.5：11000000.00101111.0010 0001.00000101
根据子网掩码及最大匹配规则，可得知前两者的网络号完全相同，它们处于同一子网内；后两者的网络号完全相同，它们处于另一子网内。
同理，根据上述“最大匹配规则”，可计算出B选项中的两个IP地址是处于同一个子网，而其它选项不满足题目要求。
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