简述矛盾同一性和斗争性及其相互关系。
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)在唯物辩证法中,矛盾是反映事物内部或事物之间对立和同一及其关系的哲学范畴,对立和同一是矛盾所固有的两种相反而又相成的基本关系或基本属性。矛盾的同一性是指矛盾对立面之间相互依存、相互吸引、相互贯通的趋势和性质。具体表现为:
第一,矛盾对立面之间的相互依赖性。这是指矛盾双方各自以对方为自己存在和发展的条件,互为媒介,相互依存,任何一方都不能脱离对方而孤立地存在和发展。
第二,矛盾对立面之间的相互贯通性。这是指矛盾双方不仅相互依存,而且存在相互渗透的渠道和桥梁与相互转化的趋势和可能。
矛盾的斗争性是指矛盾对立面之间相互排斥的属性,体现着对立双方相互分离的倾向和趋势。
(2)矛盾同一性和斗争性之间是对立统一的辩证关系。
第一,矛盾同一性和斗争性的统一表现在二者之间是相互联系、不可分离的关系。即同一性不能脱离斗争性而存在,没有斗争性就没有同一性;斗争性也不能脱离同一性而存在,没有同一性也就没有斗争性。
第二,矛盾同一性和斗争性的对立表现在二者之间是相对绝对、相互区别的关系。即矛盾同一性是相对的,矛盾斗争性是绝对的。
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