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About 79 million Americans have pre-diabetes（糖尿病前期）.That means they have blood sugar that's higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed（诊断）with type 2—at least not yet. One long-term study reported by the American Diabetes Association found that 11% of people with pre-diabetes develop the full-blown disease each year. Another study shows that pre-diabetes will probably become type 2 in 10 years or less.

　　Yet, that process is not inevitable. Last year, scientists in Colorado found that people with pre-diabetes who lowered their blood sugar to normal levels—even briefly—were 56% less likely to reach type 2 levels.

　　If you have pre-diabetes, here are four steps to help prevent or delay a diabetes diagnosis:

　　Lose 7% of your body weight. That is about 15 pounds for the persons who weigh 200.Droping that small percentage has been shown to lower the risk of developing type 2 by close to 60%.

　　Exercise 30 minutes five days a week. Whether you do the 30 minutes in one shot or in three 10-minute sessions, the benefit is the same. Choose certain exercises, such as fast walking, playing tennis or lifting weights. Physical activity such as sweeping floors works, too.

　　Turn to your doctor. In some cases, pre-diabetes raises the risk of heart disease and stroke by 50%. Your doctor may use some medicine to control your glucose（葡萄糖）levels and keep your blood pressure in check.

　　Know your numbers. To see if your pre-diabetes is improving, have your blood sugar checked regularly. A fasting blood sugar of 100 to 125 mg/dl suggests pre-diabetes; 126 mg/dl or above is diabetes; and below 100 is normal. Other tests, including glucose tolerance and A1C, also are used to monitor blood sugar.

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