正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1 )k=0
(2) J＜=N
(3) k=k+1或k++ ,或者其他等价形式
(4) d[i]+6 ,或者其他等价形式
(5)0(N)
该题是一个应用型的算法分析题,主要考查考生对贪心算法的理解以及对程序流程图的掌握;做题的关键是对分析清楚题意,并明确流程图中的贪心条件。
该题可转化为求解能覆盖所有房子的基站部署方案的问题，即通过一系列选择求最优解的问题。不难发现，该问题具有最优子结构,并且具有贪心选择性质,可以用贪心法来求解。
贪心法是一种不求最优解,只求满意解的算法。首先初始化, k=0 ;若两房间的距离不超过12公立,则不建基站。否则建基站。算法思想:问题的规模为N。从第一个房子 (最左端)开始部署基站.把第一个基站放置在该房子右方的6公里处,这时,该基站会覆盖从第一个房子到其右方12公里的直线的长度上的所有房子。假设覆盖了N:个房子。此时问题规模编程了N-N1。把第一个基站覆 盖的房子去掉,再从N-N;中选择第一个 (最左端)房子开始布局基站,将第二个基站放置在该房子右方的6公里处。以此类推,直至所有的房子被覆盖。在该算法中包含两个循环,但实际上只是遍历所有房子次,所以算法的时间复杂度为0(N)。
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