阅读下面一段课文，回答问题：
所以有人宁可遁迹山林，享受那清风明月，“侣鱼虾而友麋鹿”，过那高蹈隐逸的生活。诗人济慈宁愿长时间地守着一株花，看那花苞徐徐展瓣，以为那是人间至乐。嵇康在大树底下扬槌打铁，“浊酒一杯，弹琴一曲”；刘伶“止则操卮执觚，动则挈榼提壶”，一生中无思无虑其乐陶陶。这又是一种颇不寻常的方式。最彻底的超然的例子是《传灯录》所记载的：“南泉和尚问陆亘曰：‘大夫十二时中作么生 ’陆云：‘寸丝不挂!”’寸丝不挂即是了无挂碍之谓，“原来无一物，何处染尘埃 ”这境界高超极了，可以说是“以天地为一朝，万期为须臾”，根本不发生什么时间问题。
人，诚如波斯诗人莪谟伽耶玛所说，来不知从何处来，去不知向何处去，来时并非本愿，去时亦未征得同意，胡里糊涂地在世间逗留一段时间。在此期间内，我们是以心为形役呢 还是立德立功立言以求不朽呢 还是参究生死直超三界呢 这大主意需要自己拿。
（1）请概括这段文字的大意。
（2）请说出本片段中这些引文的出处及所要说明的含义。
A．“侣鱼虾而友麋鹿。”
B．“浊酒一杯，弹琴一曲。”
C．“止则操卮执觚，动则挈榼提壶。”
D．“寸丝不挂”
E．“原来无一物，何处染尘埃 ”
F．“以天地为一朝，万期为须臾。”
（3）本片段中，作者主要运用了哪些论证方法来阐明自己的观点
（4）在本片段的结束部分，作者在怎样利用未逝去的时间问题上未给予答案，为什么
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
（1）作者先列举高蹈之士为蔑视凡夫的功利主义人生态度，无视时问的变化，追求超凡脱俗的境界，最后提出自己的主张，即要求大家珍视时间，要正确地看待时间的价值问题，不能“胡里糊涂地在世间逗留一段时间，”而要好好地去思考是“以心为形役”还是“立德立功立言以求不朽”。 （2）
A．出自苏轼的《前赤壁赋》，意即：与鱼虾为伴，与麋鹿为友。
B．出自《晋书》，意即：嵇康不愿走仕途，宁愿守着陋巷，过一种自然放达的生活。
C．出自刘伶的《酒德颂》，意即：不出门待在家里也要拿着酒杯喝，出去也提着酒壶继续喝。
D．寸丝不挂：禅宗里的禅语，指心清净、解脱、心无挂碍。出自《传灯录》，意即：什么事也没有挂念，只保持清静的法身。
E．《六祖坛经》（惠昕本）将六祖慧能得法偈：“佛性常清净，何处有尘埃?”后改为：“原来无一物，何处染尘埃?”
此处“一物”，是“万物”的统称，“尘埃”指的是如梦如幻的虚妄的杂念。佛家讲性空，禅宗把心也比作空，即“无生”。此处两句指的是人心清净，可见真性，哪里还能产生虚妄呢?
F．出自刘伶的《酒德颂》，意即：把自然界只当成一个短暂的早晨，把数不清的日子看成是片刻，稍纵即逝。
（3）引证法、类比论证法、归纳论证。
（4）作者只是提出问题，表达自己的万千感慨，但却把思考与选择留给读者，目的是让他们去参悟人生，汲取教训，要对自己的时间消耗负责。
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Heahh care experts have long drawn attention to the problems of eating too much sah．There isstrong evidence that a diet high in salt can lead to raised blood pressure．Since high blood pressure is amajor factor in heart disease．it makes sense to cut down on the salt people eat．?
In the past，food contained very little salt，and people added it to their food at the table．Very fewpeople ?add ?salt this ?way ?nowadays．However，the ?salt ?content ?of processed ?foods has ?gone ?updramatically．It’s now estimated that over three．quarters of the salt in the average diet comes fromprocessed foods，eaten without our being aware of it．?
Salt is added to food partly to extend shelf-life．but more often it’s dropped in to make up for theflavor lost in the manufacturing process．This is especially true of ready meals and highly processedfoods．but it’s also true of such basic food as biscuits，soups，and even bread．Much mass—producedbread，for instance．contains so much salt．half a gram for every hundred grams of bread--that it’sofficiallv classified bv the UK government as high——salt food．Salt has to be added to the bread becausefast Droduetion cuts down the time for the flavor to develop．Without added salt，the bread would tastelike paper．?
In the UK，the government has launched a campaign to cut down on the salt people eat．The UK Food Standards Agency argues that nearly half of the UK’s population eat too much salt—9．5 9 a day onaverage．Its aim is to bring down the average t0 69 a day．The idea is to cut the salt content in 85 keyfood categories such as bread．meat．and cakes．?
?What is the passage mainly about?
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- A.Salt and food flavor
- B.Salt and people' s lifestyle
- C.Salt and food processing
- D.Salt and people' s health
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Heahh care experts have long drawn attention to the problems of eating too much sah．There isstrong evidence that a diet high in salt can lead to raised blood pressure．Since high blood pressure is amajor factor in heart disease．it makes sense to cut down on the salt people eat．?
In the past，food contained very little salt，and people added it to their food at the table．Very fewpeople ?add ?salt this ?way ?nowadays．However，the ?salt ?content ?of processed ?foods has ?gone ?updramatically．It’s now estimated that over three．quarters of the salt in the average diet comes fromprocessed foods，eaten without our being aware of it．?
Salt is added to food partly to extend shelf-life．but more often it’s dropped in to make up for theflavor lost in the manufacturing process．This is especially true of ready meals and highly processedfoods．but it’s also true of such basic food as biscuits，soups，and even bread．Much mass—producedbread，for instance．contains so much salt．half a gram for every hundred grams of bread--that it’sofficiallv classified bv the UK government as high——salt food．Salt has to be added to the bread becausefast Droduetion cuts down the time for the flavor to develop．Without added salt，the bread would tastelike paper．?
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Heahh care experts have long drawn attention to the problems of eating too much sah．There isstrong evidence that a diet high in salt can lead to raised blood pressure．Since high blood pressure is amajor factor in heart disease．it makes sense to cut down on the salt people eat．?
In the past，food contained very little salt，and people added it to their food at the table．Very fewpeople ?add ?salt this ?way ?nowadays．However，the ?salt ?content ?of processed ?foods has ?gone ?updramatically．It’s now estimated that over three．quarters of the salt in the average diet comes fromprocessed foods，eaten without our being aware of it．?
Salt is added to food partly to extend shelf-life．but more often it’s dropped in to make up for theflavor lost in the manufacturing process．This is especially true of ready meals and highly processedfoods．but it’s also true of such basic food as biscuits，soups，and even bread．Much mass—producedbread，for instance．contains so much salt．half a gram for every hundred grams of bread--that it’sofficiallv classified bv the UK government as high——salt food．Salt has to be added to the bread becausefast Droduetion cuts down the time for the flavor to develop．Without added salt，the bread would tastelike paper．?
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