阅读《论毅力》中的一段文字,回答问题:
天下古今成败之林,若是其莽然不一途也。要其何以成,何以败 曰:有毅力者成,反是者败。
(1)解释这段文字中画横线字的含义。
林:
莽然:
要:
(2)将“天下古今成败之林,若是其莽然不一途也”译成现代汉语。
(3)这段话在全文的论证结构中属于哪一部分,起什么作用
(4)这段话在表述上有何特点,有何作用
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)林:汇集? ? ? 莽然:广大众多的样子。要:概括地推究。 (2)纵观天下从古到今,人们事业的成功与失败,经验和教训众多,呈现出种种不一的情况。
(3)导论,提出中心论点。
(4)“天下”涵盖所有空间,“古今”涵盖所有时间,“成败之林”涵盖所有事件,通过完全归纳得出全称判断:做所有事都是“有毅力者成,反是者败”,由中心论点的普遍性凸显其重要性。
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