阅读这首散曲,回答下列问题:
枯藤老树昏鸦,小桥流水人家,古道西风瘦马。夕阳西下,断肠人在天涯。
(1)这首小令的主旨是什么
(2)这首小令前三句在遣词造句上有什么特点
(3)这首小令的末一句在表情达意上的作用是什么
(4)这首小令是如何借景抒情、寓情于景的
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)表达了作者游子思乡、倦于漂泊的情绪。 (2)前三句将九个名词、九种景物并置组合,构成“鼎足对”。
(3)最后一句情语,在全曲中起到画龙点睛的作用,点明了本曲的主题:游子思乡、倦于漂泊。
(4)在以农业经济为主的中国古代,很多时令、景物已附有相对稳定的喻义,秋及秋景,多含萧瑟凄凉、孤寂落寞之意,看藤枯树老,想人生短暂,岁月蹉跎,青春不驻;看日落,知黄昏本为与家人共享天伦之乐之良辰,而此时自己却孤独漂泊在异土他乡;看“小桥流水人家”的温馨,鲜明对比,愈加感到自己的孤寂落寞,这一切触发了游子的思乡之情。“断肠人在天涯”,点明主题,正因人在天涯,日夜恋土思乡,以至“断肠”。?
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