阅读下面一段课文,回答下列问题:
有问之,对曰:“橐驼非能使木寿且孳也,能顺木之天,以致其性焉尔。凡植木之性,其本欲舒,其培欲平,其土欲故,其筑欲密。既然已,勿动勿虑,去不复顾。其莳也若子,其置也若弃。则其天者全而其性得矣。故吾不害其长而已,非有能硕茂之也;不抑耗其实而已,非有能早而蕃之也。他植者则不然,根拳而土易。其培之也,若不过焉则不及。苟有能反是者,则又爱之太恩,忧之太勤。旦视而暮抚,已去而复顾。甚者爪其肤从验其生枯,摇其本以观其疏密,而木之性日以离矣。虽日爱之,其实害之;虽日忧之,其实仇之。故不我若也,吾又何能为哉!”
(1)解释这段文字中画横线字的含义。
孳:
天:
爪:
离:
(2)将“顺木之天,以致其性”译成现代汉语,并说明这句话的含义。
(3)将“其莳也若子,其置也若弃”译成现代汉语,并说明这句话说明了什么道理
(4)将“故不我若也”译成现代汉语。
(5)郭橐驼所说的“植木之性”是什么
(6)郭橐驼能不能真的使树“硕茂”、“早而蕃之”
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
(1)孳:繁殖得多。天:树木生长的自然规律。爪:用指甲抓破。离:被破坏。 (2)顺着树木的天性,使它的本性能够得到充分发展罢了。
这句话揭示了郭橐驼的种树之道。
(3)栽种时要像养育自己子女一样,种完之后,放到那里就如同扔掉一样。
这句话是郭橐驼所说的树之天性:“其莳也若子,其置也若弃,则其天者全而其性得矣。”
(4)所以比不上我啊。
(5)凡植木之性,其本欲舒,其培欲平,其土欲故,其筑欲密。
(6)吾不害其长而已,非有能硕茂之也;不抑耗其实而已,非有能早而蕃之也。
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