某商场的销售系统所使用的信用卡公司信息系统的数据格式发生了更改，因此对该销售系统进行的修改属于（ ）维护。
- A.改正性
- B.适应性
- C.改善性
- D.预防性
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
在系统运行过程中，软件需要维护的原因是多样的，根据维护的原因不同，可以将软件维护分为以下四种：
（1）改正性维护。为了识别和纠正软件错误、改正软件性能上的缺陷、排除实施中的误使用，应当进行的诊断和改正错误的过程就称为改正性维护。
（2）适应性维护。在使用过程中，外部环境（新的硬、软件配置）、数据环境（数据库、数据格式、数据输入/输出方式、数据存储介质）可能发生变化。为使软件适应这种变化，而去修改软件的过程就称为适应性维护。
（3）改善性维护。在软件的使用过程中，用户往往会对软件提出新的功能与性能要求。为了满足这些要求，需要修改或再开发软件，以扩充软件功能、增强软件性能、改进加工效率、提高软件的可维护性。这种情况下进行的维护活动称为改善性维护。
（4）预防性维护。这是指预先提高软件的可维护性、可靠性等，为以后进一步改进软件打下良好基础。
本题对该销售系统的修改是为了应对数据格式的变化而作出的修改。
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