阅读下面说明,回答问题1至问题3,将解答填入答题纸的对应栏目内。【说明】某项目经理将其负责的系统集成项目进行了工作分解,并对每个工作单元进行了成本估算,得到其计划成本。第四个月底时,各任务的计划成本、实际成本及完成百分比如下表。
【问题1】(10分)请分别计算该项目在第四个月底的PV、EV、AC值,并写出计算过程。请从进度和成本两方面评价此项目的执行绩效如何,并说明依据。【问题2】(5分)有人认为:项目某一阶段实际花费的成本(AC)如果小于计划支出成本(PV),说明此时项目成本是节约的,你认为这种说法对吗?请结合本题说明为什么。【问题3】(10分)(1) 如果从第五月开始,项目不再出现成本偏差,则此项目的预计完工成本(EAC)是多少? (2) 如果项目仍按目前状况继续发展,则此项目的预计完工成本(EAC)是多少?(3) 针对项目目前的状况,项目经理可以采取什么措施?
正确答案及解析
正确答案
解析
【问题1】PV= 10+7+8+9+5+2 =41EV=10?80%+7+8?90%+9?90%+5 +2?90%=8+7 +7.2 +8.1+5+1.8=37.1AC =9+6.5+7.5 +8.5+5+2= 38.5进度落后,成本超支原因:SV= EV-PV= 37.1-41= -3.9<0CV= EV-AC= 37.1-38.5= -1.4<0或SPI= EV/PV= 37.1 /41=0.904<1CPI= EV/AV= 37.1/38.5=0.963<1【问题2】不对,例如本题中第4个月底的计划成本PV为41万元,实际成本AC为38.5万元,虽然AC<PV,但不是由于项目实施中节约造成的,而是由于进度落后计划造成的。【问题3】(1) ETC= BAC-EV= 41-37.1=3.9EAC= AC+ ETC=3.9+ 38.5= 42.4或者:EAC= BAC-CV =41-(-1.4)=42.4;(2) EAC = AC+(BAC-EV) /CPI =38.5+(41-37.1)/0.963=42.55;(3) 加快进度(赶工或加班);控制成本;必要时调整进度基准和成本基准。
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